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Well Completion Equipment

Well Completion Equipment
There are many types and designs of completion equipment in common use in oil and gas wells. In addition to the tubing string and packer found in almost all wells, there are several other key completion components that may be required and a number of optional completion accessories to add functionality to the completion.

Tubing
The tubing is a smaller diameter pipe installed inside the casing to carry the reservoir fluids to the surface. Wear from erosion (flow related) and corrosion (chemical attack) is confined within the tubing string to protect the casing. If necessary, the production tubing can be replaced during a workover operation when required.

Packers
Available in a wide range of sizes and types, packers are designed to isolate production zones and the casing annulus from well pressure. The main types available are:
  • Inflatable - typically used in open hole, low-pressure completions or in well intervention operations.
  • Mechanical set - set by tubing string rotation, not common in completion applications.
  • Hydraulic set - set with the application of hydraulic pressure, available in single or dual string configurations.
  • Wireline set - permanent packers can by set on electric line, with a seal assembly attached to the tubing and are configured to enable the tubing string to be inserted or stabbed into a polished bore.
Nipples
Nipple profiles are installed at various intervals in the completion string to permit the installation of lock mandrels and flow-control devices during slickline interventions.
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Circulation Devices
Circulation devices allow communication between the tubing and annulus or the formation and tubing. They are also known as sliding side doors (SSD) or sliding sleeves and generally contain a nipple profile at the upper end for contingency purposes.

Side Pocket Mandrels
Side pocket mandrels (SPM) are positioned in a completion to provide an injection point for lift gas or chemical inhibitors or provide a circulation facility for well kill purposes. A SPM allows communication between the tubing and annulus.

Blast Joints
Blast joints are externally hardened; heavy walled sections of tubing that are placed across the perforations of the upper zones to protect the tubing from abrasive wear.

Flow Couplings
Similar in appearance to blast joints but available in shorter lengths, flow couplings are installed above and below areas of reduced internal diameter, such as safety valves, to protect the tubing from internal erosion resulting from turbulence. Flow couplings are essential in high-rate gas wells.

Telescoping Travel Joint
Telescoping travel joints are installed in dual completions to assist in spacing out the second string and allow for thermal expansion of the tubing string.

Surface Controlled Subsurface Safety Valves
Surface Controlled Subsurface Safety Valves are available as tubing retrievable (TRSSV) or slickline retrievable (SLSSV) models and are installed on all offshore wells and some land wells. They are designed to secure the well in an emergency and are “failsafe” in operation, being normally held open by hydraulic pressure and closing automatically if the operating system pressure is released.
Well Completion Equipment Reviewed by Industri Migas on 1:12 AM Rating: 5

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